Product Description of Acrylonitrile CAS#107-13-1
Acrylonitrile is a colorless, flammable liquid. Its vapor can form explosive mixtures when exposed to an open flame. Acrylonitrile does not occur naturally and is produced in large quantities by chemical industries, with demand continuing to increase in recent years.
As an extensively manufactured unsaturated nitrile compound, acrylonitrile is widely used as a raw material for producing various chemicals, including plastics, synthetic rubber, and acrylic fibers. Although it was previously used as a pesticide fumigant, all pesticide-related applications have been discontinued.
Acrylonitrile is an important chemical intermediate utilized in the production of pharmaceuticals, antioxidants, dyes, and other compounds through organic synthesis. Its primary consumers are manufacturers of acrylic and modacrylic fibers, as well as high-impact ABS plastics.
In addition, acrylonitrile is used in the production of styrene-acrylonitrile (SAN) plastics for automotive components, household products, and packaging materials, as well as applications in office equipment, luggage, and building materials. Its derivative adiponitrile is further used in the manufacture of nylon, dyes, pharmaceuticals, and pesticides.
Acrylonitrile Chemical Properties
Melting point | -83 °C (lit.) |
Boiling point | 77 °C (lit.) |
density | 0.806 g/mL at 20 °C |
vapor density | 1.83 (vs air) |
vapor pressure | 86 mm Hg ( 20 °C) |
refractive index | n20/D 1.391(lit.) |
Fp | 32 °F |
storage temp. | 2-8°C |
solubility | 73g/l |
form | Liquid |
color | Clear |
PH | 6.0-7.5 (50g/l, H2O, 20℃) |
Odor | Mild pyridine-like odor at 2 to 22 ppm |
Odor Threshold | 8.8ppm |
explosive limit | 2.8-28%(V) |
Water Solubility | Soluble. 7.45 g/100 mL |
Sensitive | Light Sensitive |
Merck | 14131 |
BRN | 605310 |
Henry's Law Constant | 1.30 at 30.00 °C (headspace-GC, Hovorka et al., 2002) |
Exposure limits | NIOSH REL: TWA 1 ppm, 15-min C 1 ppm, IDLH 85 ppm; OSHA PEL: TWA 2 ppm, 15-min C 10 ppm; ACGIH TLV: TWA 2 ppm. |
Dielectric constant | 33.01 |
LogP | 0.017 at 21℃ |
CAS DataBase Reference | 107-13-1(CAS DataBase Reference) |
IARC | 2B (Vol. 71) 1999 |
NIST Chemistry Reference | 2-Propenenitrile(107-13-1) |
EPA Substance Registry System | Acrylonitrile (107-13-1) |
Hazard Codes | F,T,N,Xn |
Risk Statements | 45-11-23/24/25-37/38-41-43-51/53-39/23/24/25-62-63 |
Safety Statements | 53-9-16-45-61-36/37 |
RIDADR | UN 1093 3/PG 1 |
OEB | D |
OEL | TWA: 1 ppm, Ceiling: 10 ppm [15-minute] [skin] |
WGK Germany | 3 |
RTECS | AT5250000 |
F | 8 |
Autoignition Temperature | 481 °C |
TSCA | Yes |
HazardClass | 3 |
PackingGroup | I |
HS Code | 29261000 |
Hazardous Substances Data | 107-13-1(Hazardous Substances Data) |
Toxicity | LD50 orally in rats: 0.093 g/kg (Smyth, Carpenter) |
IDLA | 60 ppm |
Acrylonitrile is primarily used in the production of acrylic and modacrylic fibers. It also serves as an important raw material for manufacturing plastics, including acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) resins and styrene-acrylonitrile (SAN) resins, as well as adiponitrile, acrylamide, nitrile rubber, and barrier resins. Although a mixture of acrylonitrile and carbon tetrachloride was previously used as a pesticide, all pesticide applications have since been discontinued.
Acrylonitrile is a commercially significant industrial chemical that has been widely utilized since the 1940s, driven by the rapid development of the petrochemical industry.
The production of ABS and SAN resins represents the second-largest application area for acrylonitrile. ABS resins are manufactured by grafting acrylonitrile and styrene onto polybutadiene or styrene-butadiene copolymers, typically containing approximately 25 wt% acrylonitrile. These materials are widely used in automotive parts, recreational vehicle components, pipe fittings, and household appliances.
SAN resins are styrene-acrylonitrile copolymers containing approximately 25–30 wt% acrylonitrile. Due to their excellent transparency and clarity, SAN resins are commonly applied in automotive instrument panels, instrument lenses, and various household products.
