Product Description of Aniline CAS#62-53-3
Aniline is the simplest and most important aromatic amine compound, formed by replacing a hydrogen atom in the benzene molecule with an amino group. It appears as a colorless, oily, flammable liquid with a strong odor.
When heated to 370°C, Aniline is slightly soluble in water and readily soluble in ethanol, ether, chloroform, and other organic solvents. It may gradually turn brown when exposed to air or sunlight. Aniline can be purified by steam distillation, and a small amount of zinc powder can be added during distillation to prevent oxidation. Purified aniline may also be stabilized with 10–15 ppm NaBH₄ to reduce oxidative degradation. Its aqueous solution exhibits alkaline properties.
Aniline readily reacts with acids to form salts. The hydrogen atoms in its amino group can be substituted by alkyl or acyl groups, producing secondary or tertiary aniline derivatives and acyl anilines. Substitution reactions mainly generate ortho- and para-substituted products. In addition, aniline reacts with nitrite to form diazonium salts, which are important intermediates for the synthesis of various benzene derivatives and azo compounds.
Aniline Chemical Properties
Melting point | -6 °C (lit.) |
Boiling point | 184 °C (lit.) |
density | 1.022 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.) |
vapor density | 3.22 (185 °C, vs air) |
vapor pressure | 0.7 mm Hg ( 25 °C) |
refractive index | n20/D 1.586(lit.) |
Fp | 76 °C |
storage temp. | 2-8°C |
solubility | water: soluble |
form | Liquid |
pka | 4.63(at 25℃) |
color | APHA: ≤250 |
Specific Gravity | 1.021 |
Odor | Sweet, amine-like odor detectable at 0.6 to 10 ppm |
Relative polarity | 0.42 |
PH | 8.8 (36g/l, H2O, 20℃) |
PH Range | 8.1 |
explosive limit | 1.2-11%(V) |
Water Solubility | 36 g/L (20 ºC) |
Merck | 14659 |
BRN | 605631 |
Henry's Law Constant | 1.91 at 25 °C (thermodynamic method-GC/UV spectrophotometry, Altschuh et al., 1999) |
Exposure limits | TLV-TWA skin 2 ppm (～8 mg/m3) (ACGIH), 5 ppm (～19 mg/m3) (MSHA, OSHA, and NIOSH); IDLH 100 ppm (NIOSH). |
Dielectric constant | 7.8（0℃） |
Stability: | Stable. Incompatible with oxidizing agents, bases, acids, iron and iron salts, zinc, aluminium. Light sensitive. Combustible. |
LogP | 0.9 |
CAS DataBase Reference | 62-53-3(CAS DataBase Reference) |
IARC | 2A (Vol. 27, Sup 7, 127) |
NIST Chemistry Reference | Aniline(62-53-3) |
EPA Substance Registry System | Aniline (62-53-3) |
Hazard Codes | T,N,F |
Risk Statements | 23/24/25-40-41-43-48/23/24/25-50-68-48/20/21/22-39/23/24/25-11 |
Safety Statements | 26-27-36/37/39-45-46-61-63-36/37-16 |
RIDADR | UN 1547 6.1/PG 2 |
OEL | TWA: None ppm |
WGK Germany | 2 |
RTECS | BW6650000 |
F | 46243 |
Autoignition Temperature | 615 °C |
TSCA | Yes |
HS Code | 2921 41 00 |
HazardClass | 6.1 |
PackingGroup | II |
Hazardous Substances Data | 62-53-3(Hazardous Substances Data) |
Toxicity | LD50 orally in rats: 0.44 g/kg (Jacobson) |
IDLA | 100 ppm |
Aniline has been an important industrial chemical for many decades. Today, it is primarily used in the production of polyurethanes and rubber products, while smaller amounts are utilized in the manufacture of pesticides (including herbicides, fungicides, insecticides, and animal repellents), defoliants, dyes, antioxidants, antidegradants, and vulcanization accelerators.
In addition, Aniline is also used as an ingredient in certain household products, such as stove and shoe polishes, paints, varnishes, and marking inks.
